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1. Indented writing means:
- Invisible writing
- Coding
- Marginal writing
- Sub-surface impressions
Answer
Answer: (4) Sub-surface impressions
2. Obliteration in writing is:
- Addition of Words
- Obscuring by superimposition
- Secret writing
- None of the above
Answer
Answer: (2) Obscuring by superimposition
3. Obliterations can be defined as
- Removing writing with mechanical means
- Removing writing with chemical means
- Covering the writing with colored matter
- None of the above
Answer
Answer: (3) Covering the writing with colored matter
4. Indentation of writing by ink can be deciphered by:
- ESDA
- UV Light
- VSC-1
- All of the above
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) ESDA
Explanation: An electrostatic detection device is a non-destructive technique for revealing the indentations or impressions in paper.
5. Erasure of writing using rubber is called:
- Mechanical erasure
- Soft erasure
- Hand erasure
- Chemical erasure
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Mechanical erasure
Explanation: There are two types of erasure i.e. chemical erasure and physical erasure (mechanical)
-> Chemical Erasures: Chemicals that make ink invisible such as oxalic acid, sodium hypochlorite, etc.
-> Mechanical Erasures: Physical abrasion of the written material using any sharp instrument such as a knife, blade, etc.
6. Assertion (A): The chemically erased ink writings can be restored.
Reason (R): Because the reaction of chemical erasure and ink is reversible.
- (A) is true, but (R) is false
- (A) is false, but (R) is true
- Both (A) and (R) are true
- Both (A) and (R) are false
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) (A) is true, but (R) is false
Correct Reason: Chemically erased writing can be restored by treating reagents such as thiocyanic acid and yellow ammonium sulfide. However, the application of chemical erasure permanently removes some part of the ink (or makes it invisible) which can’t be restored back to the original one but only can be deciphered.
7. Chemically erased writing can be restored by treatment with:
- Polarized light
- Reflected light
- Thiocyanic acid
- Hydrochloric acid
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) Thiocyanic acid
Explanation:
-> Chemically erased writing can be restored by treating reagents such as thiocyanic acid.
-> However, the colors developed disappeared after a few days, so immediate photographs should be taken. Moreover, after the writing disappeared, they could be retreated to redevelop the writing.
8. Chemically erased writing can be restored by the action of:
(i) Reflected light (ii) Ammonium polysulfide solution (iii) Thiocyanic Acid (iv) UV Light
- (ii) and (iii) are correct
- (i) and (ii) are correct
- (ii) and (iv) are correct
- (i) and (iv) are correct
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) (ii) and (iii) are correct
Explanation: There are generally two chemical etching methods for the restoration of chemical erased writing which are Ammonium polysulfide solution (yellow ammonium sulfide) and Thiocyanic Acid.
9. VSC is an instrument used for the examination of:
(i) Fingerprint (ii) Tool marks (iii) Erased writing (iv) Secret writing
- (i) and (iii)
- (iii) and (iv)
- (ii) and (iv)
- (i) and (ii)
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) Both Erased Writing and Secret Writing
Explanation: Video Spectral Comparator (VSC) is a special lighting tool for document examination that uses a wide range of wavelengths spectrum.
10. The writing on a charred document can be deciphered with:
- Reflected light
- Transmitted light
- Under UV radiation
- I.R. photography
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) I.R. photography
Explanation: Under IR radiation, the written content on charred documents can easily be seen.
Reference: Charred Documents by NICFS-LNJN Book
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