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1. Which of the following is a misconception of hypnosis?
- When you wake up from hypnosis, you won’t remember anything.
- The depth of hypnosis can vary.
- Daydreaming is classified as hypnosis.
- Hypnosis helps with phobias and anxiety.
Answer
Answer: (1) When you wake up from hypnosis, you won’t remember anything.
2. , a molecule in RBCs, that carries O2 and CO2 to and from cells.
- Platelets
- Plasma
- Serum
- Heme
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) Heme
3. Which of the following is involved in the human body’s immune system?
- WBC
- RBC
- Thrombocytes
- Serum
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) WBC
4. Assertion (A): pH of blood is normally alkaline in a living person but after death pH of blood drops.
Reason (R): Because of the accumulation of carbon dioxide from glycogenolysis and glycolysis.
- Both (A) and (R) are correct
- Both (A) and (R) are incorrect
- (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect
- (R) is correct, but (A) is incorrect
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct
5. Leukocytes are primarily involved in
- Transporting oxygen to cells
- Immune system
- Transporting CO2 to cells
- Taking away CO2 from cells
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) Immune system
Explanation: Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, and are a primary part of the immune system.
6. Assertion (A): Detailed notes should be recorded regarding the amount of blood found/splattered at the scene of occurrence.
Reason (R): It would help to evaluate the length of survival of the victim after the assault.
- Both A and R are correct.
- A is correct but R is incorrect.
- A is incorrect but R is correct.
- Both A and R are incorrect.
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Both A and R are correct.
7. Bloodstained clothes collected from the scene of the crime should be sent for examination
- As such without drying after vacuum sealing in a plastic bag
- After drying in the sun
- After drying in sun and seal it in a plastic bag
- After drying in shade at room temperature
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) After drying in shade at room temperature
Explanation: If the sample is sent without drying then there is a higher chance of getting infected by bacterial and fungal growth. Moreover, enzyme activity also increases the degradation of the blood constitution. Therefore, the clothes must be dried first at room temperature.
8. The following are the red-cell enzyme, except
- Adenylate kinase
- Phospho glucomutase
- Peroxidase
- Haptoglobin
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) Haptoglobin
Explanation:
-> Haptoglobin is not a red-cell enzyme. Instead, it is a protein produced mainly by the liver. Its primary function is to bind free hemoglobin released into the plasma to prevent kidney damage and conserve iron.
-> Adenylate kinase, Phospho glucomutase, and Peroxidase are enzymes associated with red blood cells.
9. Assertion (A): Haemoptysis blood is bright red in color.
Reason (R): Because it is oxygenated.
Codes:
- Both (A) and (R) are correct.
- Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
- (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
- (R) is correct, but (A) is incorrect.
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
10. The color of blood in deaths due to burns is
- Cherry red
- Pink
- Blue
- Brown
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Cherry red
Explanation: In case of death due to the burns, there is two sign of antemortem burning:
-> Presence of carbonaceous or soot particles in the respiratory tract.
-> Cherry-red discoloration of blood due to carbon monoxide confirms burns as the cause of death.
11. In case of carbon monoxide poisoning, which preservative is recommended for the preservation of blood samples?
- Sodium Chloride
- Sodium Fluoride
- Sodium Carbonate
- No preservative
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) No preservative
Explanation: In the case of Carbon monoxide poisoning, about 100 ml of blood from the heart, and one-half of the brain is taken without preservatives. And it is conclusively proven that the CO remains stable in a blood sample for two years without preservatives and the percent carboxyhemoglobin (%COHb) level can easily be interpreted.
Reference: Carbon monoxide stability in stored postmortem blood samples
12. Which of the following preservatives is used to preserve the blood in case of alcohol poisoning?
- EDTA
- Heparin
- Sodium fluoride
- Sodium chloride
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) Sodium fluoride
13. The following is not red cell isoenzymes:
- Adenosine deaminase
- Transferrin
- Glutamate pyruvate transaminase
- Phosphoglucomutase
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) Transferrin
Explanation: Transferrins are glycoproteins produced in the liver and have binding sites for two Fe3+ atoms to transport Iron (Fe) through blood plasma.
14. Assertion (A): The bloodstain should be dried in sunlight and at room temperature.
Reason (R): The blood decomposes under these conditions.
- (A) is true and (R) is false
- Both (A) and (R) are true
- Both (A) and (R) are false
- (A) is false and (R) is true
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) (A) is false and (R) is true
Explanation: The bloodstain should be dried at room temperature in shade.
15. Cherry-red discoloration of blood is due to
- Oxy hemoglobin
- Red hemoglobin
- Carboxy hemoglobin
- Cyanometh hemoglobin
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) Carboxyhemoglobin
Explanation: Cherry red color evident that the carboxyhemoglobin levels are above 30% in the blood.
16. Hybridoma is a fused cell resulting from the fusion of
- Antibody and antigen
- Erythrocytes and natural killer cells
- Leucocytes and monocytes
- Plasma cells of spleen and myeloma
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) Plasma cell of spleen and myeloma
Explanation: Hybridoma is a culture of hybrid cells that results from the fusion of antibodies produced by spleen cells and lymphocytes (myeloma) cells.
17. Sodium fluoride that is used as a preservative for blood samples inhibits the enzyme
- Enolase
- Esterase
- Peptidase
- Phosphokinase
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Enolase
Explanation: Sodium fluoride is one of the most commonly used preservative agents to prevent glycolysis. Moreover, it inhibits the enzyme enolase and also effectively inhibits bacterial growth.
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