This post contains questions from 2021 November NTA UGC NET Paper for Forensic Science Paper 2 along with an answer key and explanation based on authentic books and research papers. This is the first of four parts of the 2021 November NTA UGC NET Paper, with questions ranging from 1 to 25.

Attention Users: For systematic learning and chronological solution for the Previous Year NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science question paper (both Paper 2 and 3), please refer Index Page of Forensic Science NTA UGC NET/JRF.

[Part 1] 2021 November Forensic Science NTA UGC NET Questions From 1 to 25

1. Grievous hurt fall under section _______ IPC.

  1. 458
  2. 301
  3. 302
  4. 320

Answer: (4) 320

Explanations: Grievous hurt is defined by eight clauses:
-> (1) Emasculation: removal of male private parts
-> (2) Permanent privation of the signs of either eye: (not Black eye/Racoon eye)
-> (3) Permanent privation of the hearing of either ear
-> (4) Permanent privation of any member of joints of the body
-> (5) Permanent or destruction of joints (or any member parts of the body) ability to work
-> (6) Permanent disfiguration of face or head
-> (7) Fracture or dislocation of bone or tooth
-> (8) Any hurt that threat to life, serve body pain that lasts for 20 days, or is not able to perform daily work.
Source: Forensic Medicine by Anil Aggarwal

2. Which of the following viruses evade detection by using a sophisticated form of encryption?

  1. Stealth virus
  2. Multipartite virus
  3. Companion virus
  4. Polymorphic virus

Answer: (4) Polymorphic virus

Explanation:
-> Stealth virus is a computer virus that employs a variety of mechanisms to avoid detection by antivirus software. Eg: the first was Brain,1986 which target IBM PCs.
-> Multipartite virus is fast-acting malware that attacks a device’s boot sector and executable files simultaneously, thus capable to replicate itself in multiple ways. Eg: Ghostball malware (1989).
-> Companion virus does not modify any files like other viruses; instead, it makes a copy of the file and places a different extension (usually.com) to it, making it difficult to detect by anti-virus software.
-> Polymorphic virus is one that has the ability to change or “morph.” Every time they infect a machine, they use a mutation engine to change their decryption codes.

3. The phonetic sound [S] [S] and [P] are having the following characteristics:

(A) These are voiced sounds
(B) These are voiceless sounds
(C) There will be a total absence of harmonics in their respective spectrograms
(D) These will produce periodic energy in their respective spectrograms.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

  1. (A) and (D) only
  2. (A) and (C) only
  3. (B) and (C) only
  4. (B) and (D) only

Answer: (3) (B) and (C) only

Explanation:
-> Voiced Consonants: Feels vibration (harmonics) on your vocal cord at the throat they pronounced. Eg: B, D, G, J, L, M, N, V, W, Y, and Z.
-> Voiceless Consonants: Don’t use vocal cords to produce their hard, percussive sounds that’s why no harmonics in spectrograms. Eg: F, K, P, S, Sh, T, and Th.
-> Vowels (A, E, I, O, U) and Diphthongs (a combination of two vowels) sounds are all voiced.

4. The side-way shift of the projectile from the plane of departure is known as

  1. Drift
  2. Yaw
  3. Obturation
  4. Ricochet

Answer: (1) Drift

Explanation: Drift is a sideways shift/drift of a projectile that can be due to gyrostatic properties, velocity, and wind direction.
-> Rifling drift: rifling induced spin; righthand spindrift to right whereas left-hand spin bullets drift to the left hand.
-> Velocity drift: rear wind increases the effect of velocity while nose winds decrease it.
-> Wind drift: wind blows to the right to bullet pushes it in that direction. Wind deflection (D) can be calculated by: (Range x Crosswind speed)/Muzzle velocity.

Note: In various medical books, yaw is defined as the deviation of the nose of a bullet sideways or laterally in its longitudinal axis. But they mean to say that rotation of side-ways (not towards a single side). Eg: If you move your finger forward with circle rotation (like mixing in a circular motion with a spoon in glass) it is yaw, while drift is moving your finger towards one side only towards its propagation.

5. The common street name for MDPV (3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone) is

  1. Bath salts
  2. Ice
  3. Speed
  4. Ecstasy

Answer: (1) Bath salts

Explanation:
-> MDPV is a stimulant of the cathinone class that acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI).
-> Cathinone is extracted from the leaves of Catha edulis (Khat plant)
-> Common names of MDPV are Bath salts, Monkey Dust, Synthetic cathinone, Ivory Wave, Plant fertilizer, Vanilla Sky, White Lightning, Cloud 9, and Energy-1. (Source)

6. Which one of the following correctly depicts 0.01 ppm?

  1. 0.1 ng/ml
  2. 0.1 mg / 1000 ml
  3. 0.01 mg / 10 ml
  4. 1 mg / 10 ml

Answer: (2) 0.1 mg/1000 ml (as per answer key) [Wrong Question in paper; Should be 0.01mg/1000ml]

Explanation: Following conversion w.r.t. parts-per-million (ppm):
-> 1 ppm = 1 mg/kg
-> 0.01 ppm= 10ppb (parts-per-billion)
-> 0.01 ppm= ~0.01 mg/L

7. “Cold Turkey” is a term associated with

  1. Street drug
  2. Heroin available through dark net
  3. Rehabilitation programme for opiate abusers
  4. Operation against drug dealers supplying drugs to Europe from Asia through Turkey

Answer: (3) Rehabilitation programme for opiate abusers

Explanation:
-> Cold Turkey is a term used to define sudden withdrawal from complete obstruction of drugs.
-> Fundamentals of Forensic Science by Houck and Seigel states When the addict stops
taking the drug, especially suddenly or “cold turkey,” a set of physical symptoms (withdrawal
syndrome) occurs. This syndrome can be intensely uncomfortable and painful, and in some
cases, can even cause death.
-> Forensic Medicine by Anil Aggrawal: “Cold Turkey” is food that requires little preparation so going “cold turkey” is sudden withdrawal, without preparation.

8. Match

List-IList-II
(A) GHB(I) Bath Salt
(B) MDMA(II) Boomers
(C) LSD(III) X
(D) MDPV(IV) G

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

(A)(B)(C)(D)
(1)IIIIIIIV
(2)IVIIIIII
(3)IIIIIIIV
(4)IVIIIIII

Answer: (4) (A-IV), (B-III), (C-II), (D-I)

Explanation: List-II is the common name of List-I
-> Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB): GHB is a metabolite of GABA (inhibitory neurotransmitter). Common date rape drug. Common name: Grievous bodily harm, liquid G, liquid ecstasy, and scoop.
-> Methylene-deoxy-methamphetamine (MDMA): Produces serotoninergic neurons in CNS. Commonly used as club drugs’ or ‘rave drugs. Other names: ecstasy or molly.
-> Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD): Obtained from rye fungus, effects rapidly on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in the brain.

9. The correct sequence of processes in the enrollment phase of iris biometric recognition is

(A) Irish image acquisition
(B) Image enhancement
(C) Localization and normalization
(D) Feature extraction
(E) Enrollment in database

Choose the correct answer from the option given below

  1. (A), (B), (C), (D), (E)
  2. (A), (E), (B), (C), (D)
  3. (E), (A), (B), (C), (D)
  4. (A), (C), (B), (D), (E)

Answer: (4) (A), (C), (B), (D), (E)

Explanation: Four modules in the Iris recognition system:
-> First module is capturing an iris image
-> Second module is preprocessing, which has three steps: localization and normalization, and enhancement.
-> Thrid module for feature extraction
-> Fourth module for matching and classification to the database.
Sequence of steps in IRIS recognition system: Eye image-> pre-processing-> iris segmentation/localization-> iris normalization-> Feature extraction-> Feature selection-> Matching/Classification with/to database-> Decision. [Researchgate]

10. Watermarks can be examined for the following

(A) Origin of the paper
(B) Sequence of strokes
(C) Secret writings
(D) Dating of the document

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

  1. (A), (B) only
  2. (B), (C) only
  3. (A), (C) only
  4. (A), (D) only

Answer: (4) (A), (D) only

Explanation: Genunity of water can be examined using:
-> Physical and Optical Examinations of Watermarks
-> Microscopic Examination Using SEM
-> Non-Destructive Spectroscopic Examination
-> Using Erasures (Destructive Method)
-> Chemical Analysis of Watermarks (Destructive)
-> Artificial Aging Method (Source)

11. Match

List- IList-II
(A) Semen(I) Starch Iodine Assay
(B) Saliva(II) Lugel’s iodine staining
(C) Menstrual Blood(III) Calorimetric Assay
(D) Vaginal stain(IV) D-dimer Assay

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(1)(A)-(III)(B)-(I)(C)-(IV)(D)-(II)
(2)(A)-(III)(B)-(II)(C)-(I)(D)-(IV)
(3)(A)-(II)(B)-(III)(C)-(IV)(D)-(I)
(4)(A)-(III)(B)-(I)(C)-(II)(D)-(IV)

Answer: (1) (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)

Explanation:
-> Lugol Iodine Stain detects the presence of protein in the vaginal epithelial cells.
-> D-dimer Assay is used for the detection of clotting based on the detection of Fibrin degradation products (FDP), a substance that is produced when the body dissolves a blood clot and remains in the bloodstream which could also be seen in menstrual bloodstain.
-> Starch-iodine test: Iodine (I2) and potassium iodide (KI) are dissolved in water that has light orange-brown color then, the starch sample is added to the solution, which gives deep blue color.
-> Calorimetric Assay: Detection of zinc concentration in seminal plasma, a biochemical parameter to determine the prostatic function and male infertility. A colored complex formed between the reaction of 1-(2-pyridyl azo)-2-naphthol and zinc and checking the intensity of absorbance peak at 560 nm.

12. “GRIM” is an instrument, that measures which of the following property of glass?

  1. Density
  2. Elemental composition
  3. Refractive index
  4. Birefringence

Answer: (3) Refractive Index

Explanation:
-> GRIM (Glass Refractive Index Measurement) in which temperature variation is used to measure the refractive index of glass.
-> Both Hot stage microscopy and GRIM involve the precise measurement of the glass refractive index.
-> GRIM 3: An automated method for determining the refractive index of glass fragments using temperature control immersion with a hot stage.

13. Moving belt interface is used as an interface for which of the undermentioned technique

  1. HPTLC-MS
  2. CE-MS
  3. GC-MS
  4. HPLC-MS

Answer: (4) HPLC-MS

Explanation: Interface is the device for transporting effluent from the liquid chromatography column to the mass spectrometer. Common interfaces of LC/MS are:
-> Moving belt (MB) or particle beam (PB): Compatible ionization technique, electron-impact ionization (EI), chemical ionization (CI), and field ionization (FI)
-> Thermospray (TSP): Compatible ionization technique is a filament or Discharge ionization.
-> Electrospray (ESP): Compatible ionization techniques are ionization by a high voltage at the nebulizer tip
-> Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI): Compatible ionization technique is Discharge ionization (solvent CI). [Researchgate]

14. Poaching of tigers is done for their

  1. Teeth and hair
  2. Skin and bones
  3. Bone and hair
  4. Skin and hair

Answer: (2) Skin and bones

Explanation: Tiger bone wine is an alcoholic beverage originally produced in China using the bones of tigers.
Some sections of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (WLPA):
-> Section 9: No person shall hunt any wild animal specified in Schedules I, II, III, and IV except as provided under section 11 and section 12
-> Section 57: person liable if in possession, custody, or control of any captive animal, animal article, or meat.
-> Section 51: Punishable with imprisonment for a term, not less than 3 years, and a fine of less than 8 thousand rupees.

15. In British India where was the first chair of professor of medical jurisprudence established

  1. Calcutta Medical College, Calcutta (Kolkata)
  2. Madras Medical College, Madras (Chennai)
  3. Punjab Medical College, Lahore (now Pakistan)
  4. Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow

Answer: (2) Madras Medical College, Madras (Chennai)

Explanation: No explanation is needed for this question for NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science November 2021 Paper 2.

16. Given below are two statements

Statement I: In the writing of a single signature, one writer may actually make fifty distinct movements impulses, while another writer in producing the same letter with same number of pen-lifts may make only twenty-five distinct motions.
Statement-II: this difference make a distinction into writing more fundamental than many divergences inform.

In the light of the above statement choose the correct answer from the option given below

  1. Both statement (I) and statement (II) are true
  2. Both statement (I) and statement (II) are false
  3. Statement (I) is true but statement (II) is false
  4. Statement (I) is false but statement (II) is true

Answer: (1) Both statement (I) and statement (II) are true

Explanation: The question is made from the book “Questioned Documents” by Albert S. Osbon Pg: 111. [Get Book]

17. Match

List-IList-II
(a) Injuries Suicidal(I) Fatal wounds on chest, abdomen, head and would not include non-fatal defense wound
(b) Homicidal(II) Received by victims mostly on hands
(c) Defense(III) Hesitation cut
(d) Self inflected(IV) Caused by self

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:

(1)(A-I)(B-II)(C-IV)(D-III)
(2)(A-III)(B-I)(C-II)(D-IV)
(3)(A-II)(B-III)(C-I)(D-IV)
(4)(A-IV)(B-II)(C-I)(D-III)

Answer: (2) (A-III), (B-I), (C-II), (D-IV)

Explanation: No explanation is needed for this solved previous year question paper of NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science 2021 November.

18. Match

List-IList-II
(A) Beer(I) Grapes
(B) Wine(II) Barley Malt
(C) Brandy (III) Molasses
(D) Rum(IV) Sugar containing Fruit

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:

(1)(A-III)(B-IV)(C-I)(D-II)
(2)(A-II)(B-I)(C-IV)(D-III)
(3)(A-I)(B-II)(C-III)(D-IV)
(4)(A-I)(B-II)(C-IV)(D-III)

Answer: (2) (A-II), (B-I), (C-IV), (D-III)

Explanation:
-> Beer production: Malting, mashing, brewing, fermentation, maturing, finishing.
-> Wine productions: crushing and pressing fermentation, clarification, and then aging and bottling. Brandy is essentially produced by fermenting fruit into wine.
-> Gin production is a two-stage process, first, a base ‘neutral spirit’ is made, and second is, re-distillation by the addition of flavored seeds, berries, roots, fruits and herbs, and spices.
-> Whisky production involves steps such as malting, mashing, fermentation, and distillation.

The alcohol content in various drinks by volume:
-> Spirits (whisky, brandy, rum, gin, vodka): 35–50%
-> Tequila: 45–50%
-> Port (fortified with brandy), sherry: 17–21%
-> Wine: 10–15%
-> Champagne: 10–13%
-> Beers, stout, cider: 4–8%
Note: From Forensic Medicine by Biswas, exact values are listed in Forensic Medicine by Anil Aggrawal

19. Match

List-IList-II
(A) Coma(I) Anaemia due to sudden death and excessive hemorrhage from wounds of large blood vessels
(B) Syncope(II) Mechanical obstruction of the air passage
(C) Asphyxia(III) Compression of the brain or its membrane
(D) Sudden Death(IV) Disease of blood vessels especially occlusion of the lumen

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:

(1)(A-I)(B-II)(C-III)(D-IV)
(2)(A-III)(B-I)(C-II)(D-IV)
(3)(A-IV)(B-III)(C-II)(D-I)
(4)(A-II)(B-IV)(C-I)(D-III)

Answer: (2) (A-III), (B-I), (C-II), (C-IV)

Explanation: Significant obstruction of the coronary artery lumen (with 75% narrowing of the lumen) without Myocardial infarction (MI) or thrombosis may lead to sudden death.

20. The design of letters which are fundamental to a writing system

  1. Copybook form
  2. Exemplar
  3. Cursive writing
  4. Majuscule

Answer: (1) Copybook form

Explanation:
-> The first copybook was written by Sigismondo Fantis, Venice in 1514.
-> Copybooks have examples of handwriting and blank spaces to write, so the learner can imitate the same.
-> Manuscript books are handwritten books that are used for learning. They are original. 
More Mcqs on Copybook: History and Development of Handwriting

21. As per ASTM E 1618-11 guidelines number of classes of ignitable liquid identified by GC-MS is

  1. 3
  2. 4
  3. 6
  4. 8

Answer: (4) 8

Explanation: ASTM E1618 classification scheme includes seven (+one) major classes
of ignitable liquid compositions:
-> (1) Gasoline (all brands, including gasohol and E85)
-> (2) Petroleum Distillates (including De-Aromatized)
-> (3) Isoparaffinic Products
-> (4) Aromatic Products
-> (5) Naphthenic-Paraffinic Products
-> (6) Normal Alkane Products
-> (7) Oxygenated Solvents
Additionally, it also includes (8) Other-Miscellaneous: products whose compositions don’t fall into one of the above lists or fall more than one of the above lists.
-> ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials
Read More: Other ASTM related to Fire Debris and Petroleum Analysis

22. A voice recording which was originally recorded in the phone memory, copied in a memory card. The admissibility of this memory card as an evidence is under

  1. Section 65 of IT act
  2. Section 65b of Indian evidence act
  3. Section 65 of Indian evidence act
  4. Section 65 of Indian penal code

Answer: (2) Section 65b of Indian evidence act

Explanation:
-> Section 65a of IEA: Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic records.
-> Section 65b of IEA: Admissibility of electronic records.

23. Types of firearm can be ascertained from fired bullets by studying

(A) Width of lands and grooves
(B) Angle of twist of rifling
(C) Caliber of the bullet
(D) Weight of the bullet
(E) Color of the bullet

Choose the correct answer from the option given below

  1. (D), (E), (A)
  2. (C), (B), (D)
  3. (B), (A), (E)
  4. (A), (B), (C)

Answer: (4) (A), (B), (C)

Explanation:
-> Color of bullets is used to define the type of ammunition such as a standard bullet, armor-piercing, incendiary, etc.
Read More: Types of Bullet Mcqs

24. Visualisation of latent print by silver physical developers best suits for

(A) Porous surface
(B) Non-porous surface
(C) Semi-porous surface
(D) Polymer surface

Choose the most appropriate answer from the option given below

  1. (A) and (B) only
  2. (A) and (C) only
  3. (B) and (D) only
  4. (B) and (C) only

Answer: (2) (A) and (C) only

Explanation: Some appropriate methods of developing fingerprints based on the surface:
-> Porous and Semi-porous surfaces: Chemical and physical developer
-> Smooth non-porous: metallic or non-metallic powders, Super Glue
-> Metallic surface: non-metallic powders, Super Glue
-> Wet Surface: Small Particle Reagent
-> Sticky Tape/ Adhesives: Gentian violet

25. As per ASTM guidelines, identification of gasoline is confirmed by the presence of

(A) C3- alkylbenzenes
(B) M-P- and O ethyl toluene
(C) 1, 2, 4 trimethyl benzene
(D) C7-cycloparaffzin

Choose the most appropriate answer from the option given below

  1. (A), (B) and (C) only
  2. (B), (C) and (D) only
  3. (A), (C) and (D) only
  4. (A), (B) and (D) only

Answer: (1) (A), (B) and (C) only

Explanation: Typical composition of gasoline:
-> Light alkanes (C4-C12): mostly evaporate during the fire, hence not used in detection.
-> Small % of alkenes: very less% hence not used.
-> Aromatics: alkylbenzenes, indanes, naphthalenes: Only C3 Alkybenzenes are used because of characteristic high peaks.
-> Toluene: very common

-> ASTM 1618 specifically requires that the C3 alkylbenzenes, m-, p-, and o-ethyl toluene, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene must be present.

-> Petrol is confirmed by the presence of BTEX (Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m–,p–,o–xylenes), heptane, C3-alkylbenzenes, (propylbenzene, 2–ethyltoluene, 3–ethyltoluene, 4–ethyltoluene, 1,3,5–trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4–trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3– trimethylbenzene), and naphthalene.

Know More: Basic ASTM guidelines for the confirmation of gasoline

Jump to Solved Part 2 (26 to 50 questions of 2021) through Index Page of Previous Year UGC NTA NET/ JRF Forensic Science Question Paper.

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