26. Assertion (A): Medullary index can differentiate human hair from animal hair.
Reason (R): Because the scales are of the imbricate type.
- Both (A) and (R) are false
- (A) is false but (R) is true
- Both (A) and (R) are true
- (A) is true but (R) is false
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) (A) is true but (R) is false
Explanation: Medullary Index is the ratio of the diameter of the medulla to the diameter of the hair.
-> Medullary index = (medulla diameter) / (hair diameter)
-> Human Hair: value is 0.33 or less
-> Animal Hair: greater than 0.5
27. Assertion (A): Presence of spermatozoa do not confirm that the fluid is seminal fluid.
Reason (R): Because spermatozoa can be present in many body fluids.
- Both (A) and (R) are false
- (A) is true but (R) is false
- (A) is false but (R) is true
- Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Both (A) and (R) are false
Explanation:
-> Spermatozoa is a movable sperm and does not present in any other body fluids, hence a strong indication of seminal fluid.
-> Moreover, its smears could take up to 10 days.
28. Assertion (A): Fingerprints identifies a person conclusively.
Reason (R): Because fingerprints can be duplicated in 1 in 10,00,000 population.
- Both (A) and (R) are false
- (A) is false but (R) is true
- (A) is true but (R) is false
- Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) (A) is true but (R) is false
Correct Reason: As per Galton’s publication, the possibility of duplicate fingerprints is one in 64 billion.
Reference: Predicting the First Recorded Set of Identical Fingerprints.
29. Assertion (A): Premolars replace the temporary molars.
Reason (R): Because there are no premolars in the temporary set of teeth.
- Both (A) and (R) are false
- (A) is true but (R) is false
- (A) is false but (R) is true
- Both (A) and (R) are true
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) Both (A) and (R) are true
Explanation:
-> Successional teeth: Teeth that replace temporary teeth are called successional teeth. These are permanent incisors, canines and premolars.
-> Supperadded teeth: Teeth that are added to existing teeth set thus increasing the total number of teeth set are called superadded teeth. All molars are superadded teeth.
30. Assertion (A): After 1-2 hours of death the muscles become rigid.
Reason (R): Because of the onset of Rigor Mortis.
- Both (A) and (R) are true
- (A) is true but (R) is false
- (A) is false but (R) is true
- Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Both (A) and (R) are true
Explanation: Rigor Mortis is also called cadaveric rigidity and death stiffening.
-> It is defined as postmortem change resulting in the stiffening of the body muscles due to chemical changes in their myosin.
-> The main cause of Rigor Mortis is the depletion of the cell’s energy molecule, ATP.
-> ATP keeps muscle hydrated and separates actin-myosin bridges during muscle relaxation.
-> Without ATP, cross-bridging locks muscles in place.
31. Match the instruments with the material analysed:
| Instrument | Material |
|---|---|
| (a) Electron microscope | (i) Bullet |
| (b) Electrophoresis | (ii) Alcohol |
| (c) GLC | (iii) Hair |
| (d) Comparison Microscope | (iv) Blood |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (iii) | (iv) | (ii) | (i) |
| 2. | (i) | (ii) | (iv) | (iii) |
| 3. | (ii) | (i) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 4. | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) | (i) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) (iii), (iv), (ii), (i)
Explanation:
-> Electron Microscope: They have high magnification and resolution power so they are used in hair and fiber analysis.
-> Electrophoresis: based on the migration of charged particles to the respective ends, they can be used for the separation of protein in the blood.
-> GLC: They are used for analyzing volatile compounds such as alcohol.
-> Comparison Microscope: Used for comparing two objects side-by-side, commonly used for bullet comparison.
32. Match the name of the scientists with their specific subject:
| Scientist | Subject |
|---|---|
| (a) Alec Jeffery | (i) DNA Profiling |
| (b) Francis Galton | (ii) Toxicology |
| (c) A. Curry | (iii) Serology |
| (d) B. Dodd | (iv) Fingerprints |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (i) | (iv) | (ii) | (iii) |
| 2. | (iv) | (ii) | (i) | (iii) |
| 3. | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) | (i) |
| 4. | (ii) | (iii) | (i) | (iv) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) (i), (iv), (ii), (iii)
Explanation:
-> Alec Jeffery: Known for pioneering DNA profiling.
-> Francis Galton: Known for his work on fingerprints and their use in identification.
-> Alan Curry: a forensic toxicologist from the United Kingdom and one of the founding members of The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists (TIAFT).
-> B. E. Dodd: an author of a serology book “An Introduction to Blood Group Serology” and co-authored by K.E. Boorman.
33. Match the ammunition with the firearm:
| Ammunition | Material |
|---|---|
| (a) Cartridges with pellets | (i) Shotgun |
| (b) Rimmed cartridges with bullets | (ii) Auto-Pistol |
| (c) Rimless cartridges with bullet | (iii) Air gun |
| (d) .177 slugs | (iv) .303 rifle |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 2. | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) | (i) |
| 3. | (i) | (iv) | (ii) | (iii) |
| 4. | (ii) | (iii) | (i) | (iv) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) (i), (iv), (ii), (iii)
Explanation:
-> Cartridges with pellets are ammunition for shotguns.
-> Rimmed cartridges with bullets are often used in older rifles like the .303 British rifles.
-> Rimless cartridges with bullets are commonly used in modern semi-automatic pistols.
-> .177 slugs are typically used in air guns. The air gun is a form of shotgun whose pellets are called slugs.
34. Match the antigen with the respective blood groups.
| Antigen | Blood group |
|---|---|
| (a) B | (i) A |
| (b) A | (ii) O |
| (c) A,B | (iii) B |
| (d) No antigen | (iv) AB |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (ii) | (i) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 2. | (i) | (iii) | (iv) | (ii) |
| 3. | (iii) | (i) | (iv) | (ii) |
| 4. | (iv) | (i) | (ii) | (iii) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)
Explanation:
| Blood Group | Antigens on RBCs | Antibodies in Plasma |
|---|---|---|
| A | A | B |
| B | B | A |
| O | None (Zero) | A and B |
| AB | A and B (All) | None (Zero) |
35. Match the instrument used for the analysis of poison
| Poison | Instrument |
|---|---|
| (a) Anesthetic agent | (i) A.A.S. |
| (b) Alkaloids | (ii) GLC |
| (c)Tranquilisers | (iii) Soxlet |
| (d) Heavy metal | (iv) HPLC |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 2. | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) | (i) |
| 3. | (ii) | (iv) | (i) | (iii) |
| 4. | (i) | (iii) | (ii) | (iv) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) (ii), (iii), (iv), (i)
Explanation:
-> Anesthetic agents can be analyzed by GLC as they are volatile anesthetics that are liquid at room temperature but need to vaporize for inhalation. And the majority of volatile compounds are analyzed by GLC.
-> Alkaloids are analyzed by soxhlet. It is an extractor apparatus invented in 1879 by Franz von Soxhlet that can be used to extract lipids and alkaloids from forensic samples.
-> Tranquilisers are often complex organic molecules that can be separated effectively using HPLC.
-> Heavy Metals are generally analyzed by Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) as it measures the concentration of metal ions in a sample. Another technique for heavy metal analysis is Neutron activation analysis (NAA).
36. Match the permanent teeth with their age of eruption
| Teeth | Age of eruption |
|---|---|
| (a) First molar | (i) 11 years |
| (b) Third molar | (ii) 12 years |
| (c) Canine | (iii) 18 years |
| (d) Second molar | (iv) 6 years |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 2. | (ii) | (iv) | (iii) | (i) |
| 3. | (iv) | (iii) | (i) | (ii) |
| 4. | (iv) | (i) | (iii) | (ii) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) (iv), (iii), (i), (ii)
Explanation: Check our dedicated post on all the tables related to odontology.
37. Match the exhibits with the analytical division
| Exhibit | Division |
|---|---|
| (a) Firearm | (i) Biology |
| (b) Hair | (ii) Ballistics |
| (c) Disputed signature | (iii) Documents |
| (d) Poison | (iv) Toxicology |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (ii) | (i) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 2. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 3. | (iii) | (iv) | (i) | (ii) |
| 4. | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) | (i) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)
Explanation: No explanation for this solved question of NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science December 2004.
38. Match the marks with the causative instrument
| Marks | Instrument |
|---|---|
| (a) Sliding marks | (i) Hammer |
| (b) Static marks | (ii) Screwdriver |
| (c) Radial cracks | (iii) Vehicle |
| (d) Tyre marks | (iv) Bullet |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (i) | (ii) | (iv) | (iii) |
| 2. | (ii) | (i) | (iv) | (iii) |
| 3. | (iv) | (ii) | (i) | (iii) |
| 4. | (iii) | (iv) | (i) | (ii) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)
Explanation: No explanation for this solved question paper of NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science December 2004.
39. Match the year of establishment with the respective central forensic science laboratories in India
| Year | Laboratory |
|---|---|
| (a) 1978 | (i) CFSL, Kolkatta |
| (b) 1968 | (ii) CFSL, Chandigarh |
| (c) 1957 | (iii) CFSL, Delhi |
| (d) 1970 | (iv) CFSL, Hyderbad |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | (ii) | (iii) | (i) | (iv) |
| 2. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 3. | (iii) | (i) | (ii) | (iv) |
| 4. | (iv) | (iii) | (ii) | (i) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) (ii), (iii), (i), (iv)
Explanation: No explanation for this solved question paper of NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science December 2004.
40. Match the offence with the section
| Offense | Section |
| (a) Murder | (i) 304-A IPC |
| (b) Fatal vehicular accident | (ii) 302 IPC |
| (c) Rape | (iii) 307 IPC |
| (d) Attempt to murder | (iv) 375 IPC |
| (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
| 1. | (ii) | (i) | (iv) | (iii) |
| 2. | (i) | (ii) | (iii) | (iv) |
| 3. | (ii) | (iv) | (iii) | (i) |
| 4. | (iii) | (ii) | (i) | (iv) |
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)
Explanation:
-> Section 299 IPC: Culpable homicide.
-> Section 300 IPC: Defines murder
-> Section 301 IPC: Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended.
-> Section 302 IPC: Punishment for murder
-> Section 303 IPC: Punishment for murder by life-convict
-> Section 304 IPC: Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder.
-> Section 304A IPC: Causing death by negligence
-> Section 304B IPC: Dowry death.
-> Section 305 IPC: Abetment of suicide of child or insane person.
-> Section 306 IPC: Abetment of suicide
-> Section 307 IPC: Attempt to murder.
-> Section 308 IPC: Attempt to commit culpable homicide.
-> Section 309 IPC: Attempt to commit suicide.
41. The chronological order of the incidence of types of finger prints is
- Loops, whorl, composite, arch
- Whorl, composite, loop, arch
- Arch, composite, whorl, loop
- Loop, arch, composite, whorl
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (3) Arch, composite, whorl, loop
Explanation: Decreasing order with respect to population (opposite of chronological)
Loop, Whorl, Composite, Arch [LaW CAt]
42. The sequence of examination of blood stain in chronological order is
- Benzidine test, haemin crystal test, immunological test and elution test
- Immunological test, benzidine test, haemin crystal test, and elution test
- Elution test, immunological test, haemin crystal test, and benzidine test
- Benzidine test, elution test, haemin crystal test, and immunological test
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Benzidine test, haemin crystal test, immunological test and elution test
Explanation:
-> Benzidine— Preliminary test like luminol test
-> Haemin Crystal —Test whether the fluid is blood or not
-> Immunological — Test to detect the presence of Antigen/Antibody
-> Elution Test — To identify the specificity of these antibodies
43. Chronological order of post-mortem changes after death is
- Loss of reflexes, foul smell, adipocere, and hypostasis
- Loss of reflexes, hypostasis, foul smell, and adipocere
- Adipocere, foul smell, hypostasis and loss of reflexes
- Foul smell, loss of reflexes, adipocere, and hypostasis
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) Loss of reflexes, hypostasis, foul smell, and adipocere
Explanation:
-> After death, loss of reflexes is seen followed by the accumulation of blood and fluid in the lower part of the body called Hypostasis.
-> After that, the body starts producing fouling smells because of enzyme actions, and lastly, the adipocere occurs.
44. Sequence of events in firing in chronological order is
- Pulling of trigger, firing pin hit, powder burning, and projection of bullet
- Firing pin hit, projection of bullet, powder burning and pulling of trigger
- Pulling of trigger, firing pin hit, projection of bullet and powder burning
- Powder burning, pulling of trigger, firing pin hit and projection of bullet
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Pulling of trigger, firing pin hit, powder burning, and projection of bullet
Explanation: Everybody knows the right answer of it. So, no explanation for this question of December 2004 NTA UGC NET/ JRF forensic paper.
45. Distance travel by the firearm discharge in chronological order is :
- Burning, charring blackening, and powder tattooing
- Charring, blackening, burning and powder tattooing
- Blackening, charring, powder tattooing and burning
- Powder tattooing, charring, blackening and burning
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) Charring, blackening, burning and powder tattooing (as per answer key) | Correct answer should be: charring, burning, blackening, and powder tattooing.
Explanation:
-> Skin charring is caused by heat over the body tissue but not completely burnt, turning skin into black which resembles blackening but can’t be removed using cotton swab. It can be seen in close contact and also is seen up to 2 inches in some weapons.
-> Burning: Occurs closest to the point of discharge. Effect of hot gases on the skin.
-> Blackening: Even farther from the point of discharge, the gunpowder may deposit soot or residue, causing a blackening effect that can be removed using cotton swab.
-> Powder Tattooing: Occurs at the farthest distance. Unburnt gunpowder particles hit the skin but do not have enough energy to cause charring or burning.
46. In the analysis of poisons, the sequence of events in chronological order is:
- Extraction, group tests, tissue homogenization, and specific tests
- Tissue homogenization, extraction, group tests, and specific tests
- Group tests, tissue homogenization, extraction, and specific tests
- Extraction, tissue homogenization, group tests, and specific tests
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) Tissue homogenization, extraction, group tests, and specific tests
Explanation:
-> Tissue homogenization— is a process to lysing the cell so that intracellular content like protein, DNA, RNA, small molecules, can be released.
-> Extraction — Fluids are extracted for the group analysis
-> Group tests— These tests are done to find the type of components in the blood.
-> Specific tests — To determine the specific data from a group test. For example blood in alcohol is a group test and determination whether it is ethyl alcohol or methyl alcohol is the specific test.
47. The incidence of blood groups in Indian population is in the following sequence
- A, B, O, AB
- O, A, B, AB
- B, O, A, AB
- AB, O, B, A
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (2) O, A, B, AB (Now this answer is wrong as per 2014 study)
Explanation: As per new data, O, B, A, AB.
-> O blood group has 37.12%.
-> B has 32.26%
-> A at 22.88%
-> AB was at about 7.74%
Reference: ABO and Rh (D) group distribution and gene frequency; the first multicentric study in India
Newer Study:
-> O blood group has 34.56%.
-> B has 34.10%
-> A at 22.16%
-> AB was at about 8.18%
-> Average distribution of Rh+(D)= 94·13% and Rh-ve(D)= and 5·87%.
Reference: Distribution of ABO and Rh (D) Blood groups in India: A systematic review (link)
48. The reliability of marks of identification in their chronological order is
- Anthropometry, dental data, blood groups, and dactylography
- Dental data, anthropometry, blood groups, and dactylography
- Blood groups, anthropometry, dental data and dactylography
- Dactylography, blood groups, anthropometry, and dental data
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Anthropometry, dental data, blood groups, and dactylography
Explanation: List of identification methods based on reliability (most to least reliable; opposite of chronological order):
-> Dactylography (Fingerprinting): Most reliable and unique to each individual.
-> Dental Data: Highly reliable, especially when other methods are not applicable such as plane crashes.
-> Blood Groups: Useful but not unique; many people can share the same blood type.
-> Anthropometry: Least reliable among the listed methods; involves body measurements.
Note: Dental data such as X-ray records are always more reliable than blood groups in identification. However, simple data records such as number of teeth are less reliable than blood groups. So, for the sake of the question, the option is (1).
49. The sequence of examination procedure for identifying bullets with the suspect firearm is:
- Fire test bullets, identify class characteristic marks, identify individual characteristic marks, match class and individual characteristics.
- Identify class characteristic marks, fire test bullets, identify individual characteristic marks, match class, and individual characteristics.
- Fire test bullets, identify individual characteristic marks, match class, and individual characteristics, identify class characteristic marks
- Fire test bullets, identify class characteristic marks, match class and individual characteristics marks, identify individual characteristic marks.
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (1) Fire test bullets, identify class characteristic marks, identify individual characteristic marks, match class and individual characteristics.
Explanation: No explanation for this solved question paper of UGC NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science December 2004.
A 35 years female was found burnt in the kitchen. An empty can of kerosene with little quantity at bottom was found nearby. Matchbox and few sticks were found on the parapet she had sustained 100% burns. Black soot was present on the body. Smell of kerosene was observed. Pugilistic attitude was present. Burns from superficial to deep were present on the body. Soot particles were present in trachea. Carboxy hemoglobin of 15% concentration was reported on analysis. No evidence of mechanical injuries were observed on the body. The room was bolted from inside.
Considering the above finding answer the following:
50. The cause of death was:
- Antemortem burns
- Post mortem burns
- Asphyxia due to soot
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
Answer and Explanation
Answer: (4) Carbon monoxide poisoning
Explanation: Presence of soot particles in the trachea and a very high level of carboxyhemoglobin (15%) is a clear sign for carbon monoxide poisoning.
Jump to the Index Page of Previous Year NTA UGC NET/ JRF Forensic Question Paper.
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