This post states all the questions with answer key and explanation for the 2004 December NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science question paper 2. We try to explain and solve all the questions from the paper of the 2004 NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science Paper 2.

Attention Users:
For systematic learning and chronological solution for the Previous Year NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science question paper (both Paper 2 and 3), please prefer to check the index page of Previous Year Forensic Science Paper. (Index Page of Forensic Science UGC NET- NTA/JRF)

2004 December NTA UGC NET/ JRF Previous Years Solved Forensic Science Paper 2 And Answer Key

1. Which of the following is the forensic physical evidence?

  1. Suspect’s Footwear
  2. A written statement
  3. Body fluids
  4. Suspects appearance

Answer: (1) Suspect’s Footwear

Explanation: Physical evidence can be defined as any or all objects that majorly serve two forensic purposes:
-> (1) It can establish that a crime has been committed
-> (2) It can provide a link between a crime’s victim and perpetrator.

2. Under which section a forensic scientist is exempted from appearing in the court of law?

  1. 75 Evidence act
  2. 293 CrPC
  3. 302 IPC
  4. 92 IPC

Answer: (2) 293 CrPC

Explanation:
-> Section 75 of IEA: Defines private documents. All other documents are private.
-> 293 CrPC: Reports of certain Government scientific experts
-> 302 IPC: Punishment for Murder
-> 92 IPC: Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without con­sent (can’t be considered as offense).

3. Inquest means inquiry into?

  1. Custodial death case
  2. Cause of death
  3. Assault case
  4. Dacoity case

Answer: (2) Cause of death

Explanation:
-> The term ‘inquest’ defines the judicial inquiry that is done to identify the cause of death.
-> Inquest is derived from Latin words ‘in’ means ‘into; ‘quaro’ means “to seek” or “look for”.

4. The death sentence before being executed is required to be confirmed by?

  1. Session court
  2. Magistrate court
  3. High court
  4. Supreme court

Answer: (3) High court

Explanation: As per section 366(1) of the CrPC, all the death sentences passed by the session court must be confirmed by the High court.

5. For comparison of bullets, following microscope is used for identification?

  1. Fluorescent microscope
  2. Polarizing microscope
  3. Neuron microscope
  4. Comparison microscope

Answer: (4) Comparison microscope

Explanation:
-> Comparision microscope typically consists of two separate microscopes that are mounted side by side and aligned so that the same image is observed through both microscopes.
-> It allows the user to view the bullets simultaneously and make detailed comparisons of their physical characteristics, such as size, shape, and markings.

6. The body parts imaging can be done by?

  1. Spectrophotometer
  2. N.A.A.
  3. X-ray
  4. I.R.

Answer: (3) X-Ray

Explanation:
->Spectrophotometer is used to measure the amount of light absorbed by a sample.
-> Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) is an extremely sensitive technique that is used to determine the concentrations of elements of a sample.
-> IR Infrared Spectroscopy is used to identify forged or altered documents, secret writing, detection of trace evidence at the crime scene, etc.

7. In thin layer chromatography the mobile phase is?

  1. Gas
  2. Solid
  3. Liquid
  4. Vapour

Answer: (3) Liquid

Explanation: In Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC),
-> Mobile phase: liquid solvents or a mixture of liquid solvents
-> Stationary phase: Silica gel (or the alumina)

8. DNA can be isolated from

  1. RBC
  2. WBC
  3. Seminal fluid
  4. Pure water

Answer: (2) WBC

Explanation: DNA is isolated from the nucleus of cells.
-> RBCs (mature) don’t have a nucleus.
-> WBCs have a nucleus. Thus, a good source of DNA
-> Semen fluid: Semen fluid with active sperm can also be a source of DNA
-> As there is only one option in the question, WBC is the more correct answer.

9. Absorption elution technique is used to detect

  1. Seminal fluid
  2. Fecal matter
  3. Saliva stain
  4. Blood grouping

Answer: (4) Blood grouping

Explanation:
-> Absorption elution technique for the determination of blood groupings such as A, B, AB, or O of a dried sample of blood.
-> The test is based on the detection of antigen in bloodstain.
-> Some other antigen-based blood detection tests are Absorption inhibition and mixed agglutination.
-> Test Based on the detection of antibody in bloodstain is Latte’s crust test.

10. If the blood group of father and mother is ‘O’, the blood group of offspring is/are?

  1. A, B
  2. B, O
  3. Ab, B, O
  4. O

Answer: (4) O

Explanation:
If the father and mother both have ‘O’, the child blood group must be ‘O’.
-> Check [Table] Blood Group (ABO & MN) in Disputed Paternity & Maternity

11. Blindness can be caused by the following:

  1. Ethanol
  2. Methanol
  3. Glycol
  4. Propanol

Answer: (2) Methanol

Explanation: Methanol has highly toxic effects when it gets metabolized to formic acid in humans. Moreover, even 10ml of pure methanol can cause permanent optical damage that leads to blindness.
-> Metabolism of methanol: (1) Methanol (metabolized by liver) via alcohol dehydrogenase into formaldehyde. (2) Formaldehyde is subsequently metabolized via aldehyde dehydrogenase into formic acid. (3) Formin acid ultimately is metabolized to folic acid, folinic acid, carbon dioxide, and water.

12. 12 bore cartridges are fired from

  1. Rifle
  2. Pistol
  3. Shotgun
  4. Revolver

Answer: (3) Shotgun

Explanation: In 12 bore, “bore” defines shotgun barrel diameter and ’12’ defines “division of weight”. 12 refers to a 12th of 1 pound of lead.
-> So, 12 bore is shotgun ammunition with a bore corresponding to the diameter of a pound of lead can be turned into 12 balls of equal size that equate to barrel diameter of 12-bore (0.729″).

13. All are detonators except

  1. RDX
  2. Mercury fulminate
  3. Lead aside
  4. Lead styphnate

Answer: (1) RDX

Explanation: Detonators are a type of explosives that are used to initiate or detonate high explosives. Detonators are usually primary (low explosive) or blasting caps.
-> Blasting caps are composed of copper or aluminum cases filled with lead azide as an initiating charge and PETN or RDX as a detonating charge.
-> Thus, RDX is not a detonator but a high explosive with the chemical formula C3H6N6O6 and IUPAC name: 1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine.

14. It is true about human hair that medulla is:

  1. Always present
  2. Fragmented, continuous or absent
  3. Always broader than the cortex
  4. Always absent

Answer: (2) Fragmented, continuous or absent

Explanation:
The medulla is the innermost layer of the hair shaft which is generally fragmented, continuous, or absent in human hair.

15. Dried seminal stains from clothing are preserved

  1. As such
  2. In 40 % formaline
  3. In 10% formaline
  4. In 20% formaline

Answer: (1) As such

Explanation: There is no need to preserve dry seminal stains on the cloth. Moreover, this rule is also applied to the majority of body fluids such as dried blood or urine on the clothes.

16. The race of the person can be determined by

  1. Cephalic index
  2. Public index
  3. Dental index
  4. Spinal index

Answer: (1) Cephalic index

Explanation:
Cephalic Index (CI) or cranial index is defined as the ratio of the maximum width of the head multiplied by 100 and divided by its maximum length.
-> Dolichocephalic (long-headed): CI 70 to CI 74.9= Aryans, Aborigines, Negroes
-> Mesaticephalic (medium-headed): CI 75 to CI 79.9= Europeans, Chinese
-> Brachycephalic (short-headed): CI 80 to CI 84.9= Mongolian

17. Fracture of a terminal phalanx of a little finger is a:

  1. Simple injury
  2. Dangerous injury
  3. Grievous injury
  4. Serious injury

Answer: (3) Grievous injury

Explanations: Grievous hurt is defined by eight clauses in 320 IPC:
-> (1) Emasculation: removal of male private parts
-> (2) Permanent privation of the signs of either eye: (not Black eye/Racoon eye)
-> (3) Permanent privation of the hearing of either ear
-> (4) Permanent privation of any member of joints of the body
-> (5) Permanent or destruction of joints (or any member parts of the body) ability to work
-> (6) Permanent disfiguration of face or head
-> (7) Fracture or dislocation of bone or tooth
-> (8) Any hurt that threat to life, serve body pain that lasts for 20 days, or is not able to perform daily work.
Source: Forensic Medicine by Anil Aggrawal

18. Testamentary capacity means

  1. Capacity to dispose of material other than property
  2. Capacity to dispose of property
  3. Capacity to learn language
  4. Responsibility regarding criminal matter

Answer: (2) Capacity to dispose of property

Explanation:
-> Testamentary capacity is a legal term that is used to describe a person’s mental ability to make or alter a valid will or property.

19. Following may affect the handwriting except

  1. Parkinsonism
  2. Senile dementia
  3. Encephalitis
  4. Common cold

Answer: (4) Common cold

Explanation:
-> Parkinsonism disease causes abnormal movement, tremors, impaired speech, and muscle stiffness.
-> Senile dementia is the loss of intellectual ability that is usually because of old age.
-> Encephalitis is a bacterial or viral infection that may cause permanent immune system disorder.

20. To lift foot/footwear prints which of the following is used

  1. Plaster of Paris
  2. Ninhydrin powder
  3. Milk
  4. Alcohol

Answer: (1) Plaster of Paris

Explanation: No explanation is needed for this question from 2004 NTA UGC NET Forensic Exam Paper 2.

21. Assertion (A): In case of disputed paternity, blood groups and HLA can be used for the exclusion of paternity.
Reason (R): Because the appearance of blood groups and HLA in offsprings are determined by mendelian laws.

  1. Both A and R are true
  2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is true R is false
  4. A is false but R is true

Answer: (1) Both A and R are true

Explanation: Mendelian laws state that individuals possess two alleles that get inherited by each of the parents.
-> Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) test is a protein test for HLA-B27 proteins on WBCs which can also be used for the paternity test.

22. Assertion (A): The volatile compounds can be analyzed by GLC.
Reason (R): Because volatile compounds get precipitated with inert gas in the column.

  1. Both A and R are correct
  2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3.  A is true but R is false
  4. A is false but R is true

Answer: (2) Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

Correct Reason: For volatile compounds, GLC is the best and most suitable choice because of its speed, high-resolution capability, and ease of use. Moreover, at sampling ingestion, the temperature is about 50°C which is favorable for analysis, so that a volatile sample gets easily evaporated which makes it easy to use.
References: Sample Preparation Techniques for Gas Chromatography | Gas Chromatography

23. Assertion (A): Ethyl alcohol forms metabolite formaldehyde in the body.
Reason (R): Because formaldehyde is the metabolic end product of ethyl alcohol in the body.

  1. Both A and R are false
  2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. A is false but R is true
  4. Both A and R are true

Answer: (1) Both A and R are false

Correct Explanation: More than 90% of ingested ethanol is metabolized in the body to acetaldehyde and acetate.
-> Step1: Ethanol is metabolized in the liver to acetaldehyde via three distinct enzymatic pathways: (1) alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), (2) microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, (MEOS), and (3) catalase & P450 2E1 (CYP2E1).
-> Step 2: Aldehyde gets converted into acetate by the action of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH).

-> In Case of Chronic Drinking: Ethanol forms formaldehyde metabolite by the action of an enzyme called Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1).
-> Moreover, CYP2E1 is only active when a person consumes too much alcohol, and a small amount of alcohol can be removed by the interaction with fatty acid to form fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs).
Reference: Alcohol Metabolism: An Update by NIH

24. Assertion (A): DNA can be isolated from a living cell of the body containing a nucleus.
Reason (R): Because the nucleus contains DNA.

  1. Both A and R are false
  2. Both A and R are true
  3. A is true but R is false
  4. A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Answer: (2) Both A and R are true

Explanation:
No explanation for this question of December 2004 NTA UGC NET/JRF Forensic Science Paper.

25. Assertion(A): The range of fire can be determined by the spread of Pellets.
Reason(R): Because shotgun cartridges are loaded with multiple pellets.

  1. (A) is true but (R) is false
  2. (A) is false but (R) is true
  3. Both (A) and (R) is true
  4. Both (A) and (R) is true but (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Answer: (3) Both (A) and (R) is true

Explanation: Dispersion of pellets is a handy way to determine the range of fire.
-> Shorter the dispersion, shorter is the distance from firing.

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